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SM02

Location: Cavendish

Australian Soil Classification: Calcic, Mottled-Subnatric, Grey SODOSOL

General Landscape Description: Undulating lava plain.
Site Description: Mid slope.
Geology: Weathered basalt.

Image: SM02 Landscape
SM02 Landscape

Soil Profile Morphology:

Surface Soil

Image: SM02 Profile
SM02 profile
A110-15 cmVery dark grey (10YR3/1) with distinct reddish brown (5YR4/4) mottles common along root lines; firm surface condition; clay loam; moderate fine polyhedral, parting to very fine polyhedral structure; rough fabric; weak consistence moderately moist; many medium to fine roots present; pH 5.4; clear change to:

A1215-25 cmVery dark grey (10YR3/1) with distinct reddish brown (5YR4/4) mottles common along root lines; clay loam, fine sandy; moderate medium polyhedral structure; rough fabric; weak consistence moderately moist; many medium and fine roots present; pH 5.8; abrupt change to:

A225-35 cmDark greyish brown (10YR4/2) with a few faint reddish brown mottles; fine sandy clay loam;occasionally the A2 is sporadically bleached; moderate medium polyhedral structure; rough fabric; weak consistence moist; many medium and fine roots present; pH 6.0; clear change to:

Subsoil

B2135-60 cmDark grey (10YR4/1) with many distinct reddish brown (5YR4/4) mottles; medium heavy clay; moderate medium polyhedral, parting to moderate fine polyhedral structure; rough, becoming smooth, fabric; very firm consistence moderately moist; plastic; fine roots common; pH 6.8; gradual change to:

B2260-90 cmGreyish brown (2.5Y5/2) with many distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR5/7) and dark greyish brown (10YR4/2) mottles; medium clay; moderate coarse polyhedral, parting to medium polyhedral structure; smooth fabric; firm consistence moist; very plastic; distinct slickensides common; few ferro-manganiferous concretions; few fine and very fine roots present; slightly calcareous; pH 7.9; clear change to:

B390-125 cmLight olive brown (2.5Y5/4); heavy clay; moderate coarse polyhedral, parting to medium polyhedral structure; smooth fabric; firm consistence moist; very plastic; distinct slickensides common; fine ferro-mangaiferous concretions common; few coarse basalt fragments; few fine and very fine roots present; very highly calcareous; pH 8.8; diffuse change to:

BC125-150+ cmLight olive brown (2.5Y5/4); heavy clay; moderate coarse polyhedral, parting to medium polyhedral structure; smooth fabric; firm consistence moist; very plastic; distinct slickensides common; fine ferro-manganiferous concretions common; coarse basalt fragments common; few fine and very fine roots present; very highly calcareous; pH 8.7.



Soil Profile Characteristics:


pH
Salinity Rating
Surface
(A1 horizon)
Strongly Acid
Very Low
Non Sodic
None1
Subsoil
(B21 horizon)
Slightly Acid
Very Low
Sodic
Slight
Deeper Subsoil
(at 90-125 cm)
Strongly Alkaline
Moderate
Strongly Sodic
None
1Slight dispersion after remoulding.

Image: SM02 Graph
The surface horizon is strongly acid. The upper subsoil is slightly acid becoming strongly alkaline with depth.The salinity rating is very low in the surface and upper subsoil becoming moderate in the deeper subsoil.The surface is non-sodic. The upper subsoil is sodic becoming stronly sodic with depth.The MIR predicted clay content increases gradually with depth.

Chemical and Physical Analysis:

Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
pH
(water)
pH
(CaCl2)
EC
dS/m
Exchangeable
Acidity
meq/100g

Exchangeable Cations
Ca
Mg
K
Na
meq/100g
A11
0-15
5.4
4.5
0.09
12
4.7
2.2
0.2
0.42
A12
15-25
5.8
4.7
<0.05
2.3
1.7
0.08
0.3
A2
25-35
6.0
4.7
0.06
6.2
2.7
3.4
0.15
0.6
B21
35-60
6.8
5.3
0.08
5.2
3.1
5.2
0.24
1.3
B22
60-90
7.9
6.5
0.16
5.6
10
0.42
3.2
B3
90-125
8.8
8.0
0.89
9.1
16
0.74
8.2
BC
125-160
8.7
7.9
0.85
8.4
15
0.60
8.0
Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
Exchangeable Aluminium
mg/kg
Total Carbon
g/100g


Field
Capacity
pF2.5

(MIR Predicted)
Wilting
Point
pF4.2

(MIR Predicted)
Coarse Sand
(0.2-2.0mm)

(MIR Predicted)
Fine Sand
(0.02-0.2mm)

(MIR Predicted)
Silt
(0.002-0.02mm)

(MIR Predicted)
Clay
(<0.002mm)

(MIR Predicted)
A11
0-15
21
3.0
31.6
13.9
16
31
17
21
A12
15-25
23.3
10.6
16
34
16
18
A2
25-35
28.2
15.0
9
30
20
29
B21
35-60
27.4
14.4
9
33
19
33
B22
60-90
32.2
18.0
9
29
12
45
B3
90-125
45.3
26.9
6
15
12
64
BC
125-160
44.1
26.2
4
19
15
61


Profile Described By: David Rees and Ivanah Oliver (September 2014).
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