LSWW05

Lower slopes with red brown clays				Endocalcareous-Endohypersodic, Self-mulching Brown VERTOSOL
		Location	Lillimur, western Victoria
		Landform	Rise
		Geology	Quaternary Woorinen Formation: aeolian dune sand, calcareous clay
		Element	Hillslope




Horizon	Depth (cm)	Description
A1	0–10	Dark greyish brown (10YR4/2); light medium clay; moderate coarse blocky structure, parting to moderate fine polyhedral structure; self-mulching surface condition; firm consistence when dry; pH 8.2:
B21	10–30	Dark brown (7.5YR4/4); light medium clay; strong medium polyhedral, parting to fine and very fine polyhedral structure; strong consistence when slightly moist; pH 8.6:
B22	30–45	Dark brown (7.5YR4/4); medium heavy clay; strong coarse blocky structure; very strong consistence when dry (complete dispersion when worked); pH 9.1:
B23	45–60	Reddish yellow (7.5YR7/6); medium heavy clay; strong coarse blocky structure; strong consistence when slightly moist; common soft calcareous segregations; pH 9.5:
B24	60–90	Light yellowish brown (10YR6/4); light medium clay; weak to moderate medium prismatic structure; very firm consistence when slightly moist; very few calcareous and silica nodules; pH 9.1:
B25	90–180+	Pale yellow (2.5Y7/4); medium clay; strong coarse polyhedral structure; firm consistence when slightly moist; very few manganese flecks; few calcareous and silica nodules (2–20 mm); slickensides occur with many large slickensides occurring below 140 cm; pH 9.1.
Management Considerations
Alkaline clay soil. Self-mulching surface condition. Surface cracking in summer. Strongly structured upper subsoil (B21 horizon), coarser and/or weaker structure below. Deeper subsoil is strongly sodic and likely to disperse readily. B22 horizon (30-45 cm) completely disperses when reworked. Soil salinity high at 60 cm depth. Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) is considered to be high (estimated at 190 mm) for this site profile based on an Effective Rooting Depth (ERD) of 60 cm. Rooting depth will be restricted by subsoil conditions, such as strongly sodic (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage >20%), high soluble salt levels (chloride >0.1%), poor structure (e.g. massive or very coarse, columnar or prismatic), very high carbonate (lime) content (not applicable to all plant species) or hard rock.

Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Exchangeable Cations cmol-/kg				Wilting Point	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Wilting Point	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
A1	0–10	8.2	7.7	0.13		27	4.1	2	0.3	23.4	8	22.8	8.5	48.5
B21	10–30	8.6	7.8	0.16		22	8.1	1.2	1.7	26.3	7.2	22.6	7.5	53
B22	30–45	9.1	8.2	0.24		17	12	1.2	4.8	29.2	7.4	21.7	7	54
B23	45–60	9.5	8.5	0.42	<0.05
B24	60–90	9.1	8.4	0.93	0.05	15	8.4	1.2	8.1
B25	90–180+	9.1	8.6	1.3	0.09	8.3	11	1.2	10

Page top