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LS1

WLRA - soil pit LS1- landscape
Upper slope on north-trending rise
    Site Code
LS1
WLRA - soil pit LS1- profile
Calcic, Mottled-Subnatric, Red Sodosol

    Location

Kinimakatka, western Victoria

    Landform

Gently undulating rises

    Geology

Quaternary Woorinen Formation: aeolian dune sand, calcareous clay

    Element

Hillslope (upper)
Horizon
Depth (cm)
Description

A1

0–10

Dark brown (7.5YR3/4); sandy clay loam; weakly structured; weak consistence (dry); pH 6.0.

A2

10–15

Brown (7.5YR4/4); sandy clay loam; weakly structured but tends to fracture into platy like fragments; very strong consistence (dry), possible cultivation pan; pH 6.5; sharp boundary to:

B21

15–25

Reddish brown (5YR4/4) and dark reddish grey (5YR4/2) heavy clay; strong very coarse prismatic structure; very strong consistence (dry); pH 7.3.

B22

25–60

Yellowish red (5YR5/8) with dark reddish grey (5YR4/2) mottles; heavy clay; strong very coarse prismatic, parting to moderate blocky structure; pH 9.2.

B23

60–100

Yellowish brown (10YR5/4) with slight red mottles; medium heavy clay; moderate medium prismatic (finer than above), parting to moderate medium blocky structure; contains a common (10­20%) amount of soft and nodular carbonate in pockets and very few (2%) ferruginous nodules; pH 9.4.
Management considerations
  • Strong texture contrast between surface (A) horizons and heavy clay subsoil (B) horizons.
  • Slightly acid to neutral surface soil over alkaline subsoil, slightly decreasing in alkalinity at depth
  • The surface soil does not slake or disperse when immersed in water. This is a favourable condition which can be preserved by maintaining organic matter levels, which assists in reducing slaking.
  • The surface horizon has a moderate nutrient status and adequate organic carbon and nitrogen levels.
  • The subsurface (A2) horizon may be prone to developing a cultivation pan, which will inhibit root growth and restrict water movement. This could develop if the soil is cultivated in a moist condition (as indicated by dispersion of the A2 horizon that occurs after remoulding).
  • The upper subsoil is sodic and slightly dispersive which may limit water and root movement down the profile. The deeper subsoil becomes increasingly sodic and dispersive.

Site
LS1
Sample depth cm
pH
EC
dS/m
NaCl
%
Ex Ca
cmol-/kg
Ex Mg
cmol-/kg
Ex K
cmol-/kg
Ex Na
cmol-/kg
Ex Al
mg/kg
Ex acidity
cmol-/kg
FC
-30okPa
PWP
-1500okPa
KS
%
FS
%
Z
%
C
%
Horizon
H2O
CaCl2
A11
0–10
6
5.5
0.29
<0.05
7.5
1.5
0.6
0.1
NA
NA
17.8
6.7
NA
NA
NA
NA
A12
10–15
6.5
5.7
0.12
NA
8.5
3.9
0.6
0.3
NA
NA
17.5
8.1
33
36
6
20
B21
15–25
7.3
6.5
0.27
<0.05
10.2
7.3
0.9
2.3
NA
NA
28.6
13.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
B22
25–60
9.2
8.5
0.58
<0.05
7.3
10.7
1.1
7.6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
B23
60–120
9.4
8.8
0.99
0.13
7.0
10.5
0.7
9.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
B24
120+
8.4
7.8
0.42
NA
4.6
11
0.9
10.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Note: NA=not assessed
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