Invasiveness Assessment - Ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) in Victoria (Nox)
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Plant invasiveness is determined by evaluating a plant’s biological and ecological characteristics against criteria that encompass establishment requirements, growth rate and competitive ability, methods of reproduction, and dispersal mechanisms.
| Each characteristic, or criterion, is assessed against a list of intensity ratings. Depending upon information found, a rating of Low, Medium Low, Medium High or High is assigned to that criterion. Where no data is available to answer a criterion, a rating of medium (M) is applied. A description of the invasiveness criteria and intensity ratings used in this process can be viewed here. |
The following table provides information on the invasiveness of Ox-eye daisy.
A more detailed description of the methodology of the Victorian Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) method can be viewed below:
Victorian Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) method (PDF - 630 KB)
Victorian Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) method (DOC - 1 MB)
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Common Name: ox-eye daisy
Scientific name: Leucanthemum vulgare
| Question | Comments | Reference | Rating |
| Establishment | |||
| Germination requirements? | “Seeds germinate in autumn”. | P & C (1992 p. 290) | MH |
| Establishment requirements? | Occurs in damp sclerophyll forest where it would receive some shading. “It thrives in a wide range of conditions and in full sun to semi shade”. | Carr et al (1992) Bossard et al (2000) | ML |
| How much disturbance is required? | Invades undisturbed vegetation e.g. alpine and sub alpine vegetation. | Carr et al (1992) | H |
| Growth/Competitive | |||
| Life form? | Erect perennial herb. Other. | P & C (1992 p. 290) | L |
| Allelopathic properties? | No allelopathic properties described. |  | L |
| Tolerates herb pressure? | “It is not readily grazed by stock”. | P & C (1992 p. 291) | MH |
| Normal growth rate? | “Grows so densely that it excludes almost all other vegetation”. | P & C (1992 p. 291) | MH |
| Stress tolerance to frost, drought, w/logg, sal. etc? | Tolerant of frost – occurs in alpine/subalpine communities. Assumed tolerant of some drought as occurs in Coastal Victoria, Coastal and Northern NSW and Perth. | Carr et al (1992) P & C (1992 p. 290) | ML |
| Reproduction | |||
| Reproductive system | “Reproducing from creeping roots and by seed”. | P & C (1992 p. 290) | H |
| Number of propagules produced? | “Seed production is prolific, most seed is viable”. | P & C (1992 p. 291) | H |
| Propagule longevity? | “Some may remain dormant for at least 20 years”. | P & C (1992 p. 291) | H |
| Reproductive period? | “Its life span is indeterminate”. Assumed 3 years as a perennial herb that produces new aerial growth annually. | Bossard et al (2000 p. 229) P & C (1992 p. 290) | MH |
| Time to reproductive maturity? | Seeds germinate in autumn – seed is produced during the summer (> 1 year since). “Young plants develop slowly through winter and spring and do not flower in the first year”. | P & C (1992 p. 290) | MH |
| Dispersal | |||
| Number of mechanisms? | Mud, water, agricultural produce, animals, vehicles – road graders and earth moving equipment. | P & C (1992 p. 291) | MH |
| How far do they disperse? | Vehicles could spread seed/root long distances. | | MH |
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