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Soil/Landform Unit 3

Landform Unit Description





Unit 3 image a
Forestry is the dominant land use on teh north-eastern boundary of the catchment. This area is particularly important with respect to water supply catchment.
      Area: 4842 ha
      0.36% of CMA region

Unit 3 geomorphology map
      This land unit is situated in the dissected uplands (Midlands) within the Western Uplands and consists of rolling low hills. The broad rounded topography is in association with a Neogene capping of sands and other unconsolidated deposits, particularly in the south of the unit. The vegetation classes of this rolling landscape includes Herb-rich Foothill Forest/Shrubby Foothill Forest Complex, Shrubby Foothill Forest, Sedgy Riparian Woodland and Herb-rich Foothill Forest. This unit, which is predominantly a single mass, forms part of the northern (and eastern) boundary of the Corangamite catchment with well defined dendritic drainage falling to the south. The broad crests may be associated with short steep slopes and the side slopes are rolling though some slopes have deep soil and others shallower. The upland basalts form a significant border. The soils generally have a significant silt component, are shallow and strongly acidic on crests and wetter areas, and are generally low in nutrients. They are susceptible to gully and sheet erosion in cleared areas.

Unit 3 image b
Open forests with deep soils on undulating slopes

Unit 3 cross section
Unit 3 graph
Unit 3 image c
Cleared pine forestry plantation with new seedlings

Component
1
2
3
4
Proportion of soil-landform unit
20%
15%
60%
5%
CLIMATE
Rainfall (mm)

Annual:1000
Temperature (oC)
Minimum 6, Maximum 16
Precipitation less than potential evapotranspiration
October-March
GEOLOGY
Age and lithology

Ordovician marine sediments with minor Recent clay, sand and gravel and basalt
Geomorphology
LANDUSE
Uncleared: Nature conservation; water supply; sport and recreation; residential development; softwood plantations
Cleared: Softwood plantations; water supply; residiential development; sheet and beef cattle grazing
TOPOGRAPHY
Landscape

Rolling hills
Elevation range (m)
560-740
Local relief (m)
30
Drainage pattern
Dendritic
Drainage density (km/km2)
2.2
Landform
Hills
Landform element
Crest and steep slope
Sloep with deep soil
Slope with shallow soil
Drainage line
Slope and range (%)
12 (5-20)
10 (5-20)
20 (5-30)
2 (1-4)
Slope shape
Convex
Straight
Straight
Concave
NATIVE VEGETATION
Ecological Vegetation Class

Herb-rich Foothll Forest/Shrubby Foothill Forest Complex (49.6%); Shrubby Foothill Forest (4.1%); Sedgy Riparian Woodland (3.4%); Herb-rich Foothill Forest (2.0%)
Dominant species
E. obliqua, E. dives, E. radiata, E. rubida
E. obliqua, E. viminalis, E. radiata, E. rubida,
E. cypellocarpa
E. obliqua, E. viminalis, E. radiata, E. rubida, E. dives
E. obliqua, E. viminalis, E. radiata, E. rubida
SOIL
Parent material

In situ weathered sandstone and shale

In situ weathered sandstone and shale

In situ weathered sandstone and shale

Alluvium, colluvium clay, silt, sand and gravel
Description
(Corangamite Soil Group)
Shalow stony brown gradational soils (25)
Red texture contrast and red gradational soils, fine structure (26)
Brown, grey or yellow texture contrast and brown, grey or yellow gradational soils (25)
Brown gradational (earth) soil (34)
Soil type sites
CLRA53, CLRA58, BD10
CLRA53, CLRA57, BD10
Surface texture
Gravelly loam
Fine sandy loam to clay loam
Fine sandy loam to clay loam
Clay loam
Permeability
High
High
Moderate to high
Moderate
Depth (m)
0.5
2
1
2
LAND CHARACTERISTICS, POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS
Steep slopes and low permeability leads to overland flow. This flow often creates sheet and rill erosion with major rainfall events. Leaching of salts also occur.
Steep slopes and low permeability leads to overland flow. This flow often creates sheet and rill erosion with major rainfall events. Leaching of salts also occur with nutrient decline.
Steep slopes and low permeability leads to overland flow. This flow often creates sheet and rill erosion with major rainfall events. Leaching of salts also occur with nutrient decline.
Moderate permeability and overland flow are common. Subsurface waterlogging is seasonal.. Gully erosion and leaching of salts also occur. Surface compaction can benefit from controlled traffic.
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