LSWW08

Sand rise near Lillimur South				Hypercalcic, Mottled-Hypernatric, Yellow SODOSOL (medium sandy surface)
		Location	Lillimur South (near the Little Desert National Park), western Victoria
		Landform	Dune
		Geology	Quaternary Lowan Formation: aeolian fine to medium grained dune sand
		Element	Duneslope




Horizon	Depth (cm)	Description
A1	0–10	Very dark greyish brown (10YR3/2); loamy sand; single grain (structureless); loose consistence when dry; pH 5.5; abrupt boundary to:
A2	10–25	Pink (7.5YR7/4), conspicuously bleached (7.5YR8/2d); sand; single grain (structureless); loose consistence when dry; very few ferruginous nodules; pH 6.6; below this horizon there is a 2 mm capping on top of the clay columns; sharp boundary to:
B21	25–40	Light yellowish brown (10YR6/4) with abundant coarse faint brownish yellow mottles; medium heavy clay; strong very coarse columnar structure, some areas under columns have strong medium prismatic, parting to moderate medium blocky structure; very strong consistence when dry (complete dispersion); pH 8.1; gradual and wavy boundary to:
B22	40–70	Light yellowish brown (10YR6/4); medium heavy clay; moderate medium prismatic, parting to moderate medium blocky structure; complete dispersion; pH 9.0:
BC	70–110	White (2.5Y8/2) with abundant very coarse prominent red and distinct yellow mottles; light sandy loam; massive (structureless); very weak consistence when dry; pH 9.6; weathered sandstone with an older surface underneath:
2B2	110–200+	Light grey (2.5Y7/2) with abundant very coarse prominent red and brownish yellow mottles although decreasing with depth; medium heavy clay; strong coarse, parting to strong fine lenticular structure; smooth ped-fabric; few slickensides; pH 9.2.
Management Considerations
Hydrophobic topsoil Strong textural contrast between topsoil and subsoil Bleached A2 horizon and hard setting capping on top of columns Strongly sodic subsoil Large columnar structure in subsoil Heavy mottling in subsoil Acid topsoil Alkaline subsoil Dispersive subsoil Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) is considered to be very low (estimated at 30 mm) for this site profile based on an Effective Rooting Depth (ERD) of 25 cm. Rooting depth will be restricted by subsoil conditions, such as; strongly sodic (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage >20%), high soluble salt levels (chloride >0.1%), poor structure (e.g. massive or very coarse, columnar or prismatic), very high carbonate (lime) content (not applicable to all plant species) or hard rock. Low nutrient status of surface soil

Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Exchangeable Cations cmol-/kg				Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
A1	0–10	5.5	4.7	0.11		1.4	0.3	0.2	0.2	6.3	36.6	48.6	3.5	5
A2	10–25	6.6	5.6	<0.05		<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	0.1
B21	25–40	8.1	6.7	0.1		2.8	4.4	0.8	3	13.8	26.3	32.5	3	35
B22	40–70	9	7.7	0.18		3.6	6.3	1.3	4.6
BC	70–110	9.6	8.6	0.47	0.05					11.6	21.4	44	0.5	27.5
2B2	110–200+	9.2	8.5	0.62	0.09	2.9	10	1	9.2

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