LSWW06

				Vertic (and Calcic), Hypernatric, Brown SODOSOL
		Location	Lillimur, western Victoria
		Landform	Rise
		Geology	Quaternary Woorinen Formation: aeolian dune sand, calcareous clay
		Element	Hillcrest




Horizon	Depth (cm)	Description
A1	0–10	Very dark greyish brown (10YR3/2); fine sandy clay loam; massive (structureless); strong consistence when dry; pH 6.6; abrupt change to:
B21	10–45	Strong brown (7.5YR4/6), dark yellowish brown organic staining on ped faces; medium heavy clay; moderate coarse blocky, parting to medium blocky structure; strong consistence when slightly moist; pH 9.0; clear and wavy change to:
B22k	45–70	Pale yellow (2.5Y7/4) with a few strong brown mottles, and some patches of strong brown (7.5YR5/6); light medium clay; weak polyhedral, parting to moderate fine polyhedral structure; smooth ped fabric; contains common soft calcareous segregations with few calcareous/silica nodules; pH 9.3; gradual change to:
B23	70–160	Reddish yellow (7.5YR7/6); medium clay; moderate coarse polyhedral structure; smooth ped fabric; a few small slickensides; very firm consistence when moderately moist; pH 9.2; diffuse change to:
B24	160+	Yellow (10YR7/6); medium clay; moderate coarse polyhedral, parting to medium polyhedral structure; smooth ped fabric with sand along ped faces; firm consistence when moderately moist; pH 9.2.
Management Considerations
Strong textural contrast between A and B horizons Slightly acidic topsoil Topsoil dispersive after reworking Strongly alkaline subsoil which is strongly sodic and dispersive Subsoil cracks, vertic Upper subsoil has the maximum clay content and the most developed soil structure Carbonate layer at 45 cm Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) is considered to be very low (estimated at 17 mm) for this site profile based on an Effective Rooting Depth (ERD) of 10 cm. Rooting depth will be restricted by subsoil conditions, such as strongly sodic (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage >20%), high soluble salt levels (Chloride >0.1%), poor structure (eg. massive or very coarse, columnar or prismatic). Hillcrest, moderate site drainage

Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Exchangeable Cations cmol-/kg				Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
A1	0–10	6.6	5.8	0.18		4.3	3.7	1	1	10.3	26.3	36.6	8	23.5
B21	10–45	9	8.3	0.75	0.13	7.7	11	1	8	22.1	15.1	22.3	6.5	48.5
B22k	45–70	9.3	8.7	1.5	0.27	4.7	9.2	1.1	9	20.7	15	18.6	5.5	40.5
B23	70–160	9.2	8.7	1.6	0.33	5	11	1.1	11
B24	160+	9.2	8.7	1.6	0.31

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