LSWW12

Hillslope of gentle rise near Minimay		Site Code	LSWW12	Vertic (and Calcic), Subnatric, Grey SODOSOL
		Location	West of Booroopki Swamp, western Victoria
		Landform	Rise
		Geology	Quaternary Lowan Formation: aeolian fine to medium grained dune sand
		Element	Hillslope


Horizon	Depth (cm)	Description
A1	0–15	Very dark greyish brown (10YR3/2); sandy loam; massive (structureless), structure increases to weak coarse blocky structure where roots penetrate; weak consistence when dry; pH 6.3; sharp and wavy boundary to:
A2	15–20	Pale brown (10YR6/3); conspicuously bleached; loamy sand; strong consistence when dry; occurs as capping on top of columnar domes of B21; pH 6.7; sharp and wavy boundary to:
B21	20–40	Brown (7.5YR5/2) with many very coarse distinct red mottles; medium heavy clay; strong very coarse columnar, parting to weak very coarse blocky structure; dispersive when worked; pH 7.5; gradual boundary to:
B22	40–60	Yellowish red (5YR5/8); medium heavy clay; moderate coarse blocky structure; completely dispersive; pH 8.8:
B23	60–90	Light yellowish brown (10YR6/4); medium clay; common soft calcareous segregations; pH 9.4:
B24k	90–130	Very pale brown (10YR7/3); light clay, sandy; moderate medium polyhedral, parting to fine polyhedral structure; many soft calcium carbonate segregations and few hard carbonate/silica nodules (5-15 mm in size); pH 9.5:
B25	130–170+	Light grey (2.5Y7/2); medium clay; moderate to strong lenticular structure; few slickensides; smooth ped fabric with sand along ped faces; pH 9.5.
Management Considerations
Sandy and hydrophobic topsoil. Shallow depth of topsoil, susceptibility to wind, sheet and rill erosion. Strong texture contrast between the topsoil and subsoil. Thin hard setting bleached capping (A2) forming domes on top of large columns, restricts water and gas movement. Subsurface soil is neutral but has few nutrients available. Alkaline and sodic subsoil, saline at depth. Columnar subsoil structure. Subsoil mottling. Top of the subsoil is dispersive following cultivation when wet. Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) is considered to be very low (estimated at 40 mm) for this site profile based on an Effective Rooting Depth (ERD) of 20 cm. Rooting depth will be restricted by subsoil conditions, such as; strongly sodic (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage >20%), high soluble salt levels (Chloride >0.1%), poor structure (eg. massive or very coarse, columnar or prismatic), very high carbonate (lime) content (not applicable to all plant species) or hard rock. Vertic properties (ie. lenticular structure) in the deeper subsoil. Gentle hillslope, moderately well site drainage.

Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Exchangeable Cations cmol-/kg				Wilting Point (pF 4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Wilting Point (pF 4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
A1	0–15	6.3	6	0.21		3.1	1.1	0.6	0.3	9.6	33.7	38.4	8.5	11.5
A2	15–20	6.7	5.9	<0.05		1.3	0.4	0.2	0.1	2.2	36.8	44.6	10	7.5
B21	20–40	7.5	6.6	0.13		10	11	1.5	2	23.0	14.6	22.5	5.5	50.5
B22	40–60	8.8	7.8	0.22		10	15	1.5	4.9	25.3	13.7	18	6	54.5
B23	60–90	9.4	8.8	0.67	0.1
B24k	90–130	9.5	8.8	0.86	0.14
B25	130–170+	9.5	8.9	1.1	0.2	5.3	14	1	9.3

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