LSWW01

Lower slope of small rise		Location	Telopea Downs Road, Servicetown North, western Victoria
		Landform	Rise (minor)
		Geology	Quaternary Woorinen Formation: aeolian dune sand, calcareous clay
		Element	Hillslope




Horizon	Depth (cm)		Description
A1	0–10	Brown (10YR5/3); loamy fine sand; single grain (structureless); loose consistence when dry; hydrophobic; pH 6.1; abrupt and wavy boundary to:		Vertic & Bleached-Sodic, Calcic, Grey CHROMOSOL
A2	10–25	Very pale brown (10YR7/4); sand; conspicuously bleached when dry; pH 7.2; sharp and wavy boundary to:
B21	25–55	Pale brown (10YR6/3) with many coarse faint reddish yellow mottles; medium clay (sandy) strong coarse angular blocky, parting to medium angular blocky structure; smooth ped-fabric; few (2-5%) soft calcium carbonate segregations; pH 8.7 (completely disperses after reworking); abrupt and wavy boundary to:
B22	55–105	Brownish yellow (10YR6/6) with many very coarse prominent dark yellowish brown and light grey mottles; sandy clay loam; massive (structureless); very few soft calcium carbonate segregations; pH 9.3 (strongly dispersive when dry); clear and wavy boundary to:
B31	105–140	Light grey (10YR7/1) with common coarse distinct brownish yellow mottles; light fine sandy clay loam; massive (structureless)to weakly structured; very few (<2%) soft calcareous segregations; pH 9.7; clear and wavy boundary to:
B32	140–180+	Light grey (5Y7/1) with common very coarse prominent dark yellowish brown mottles; light medium clay; moderate to strong coarse polyhedral, parting to medium polyhedral structure; smooth ped-fabric; few slickensides; few calcareous segregations; pH 9.8.
Management Considerations
Sandy topsoil, susceptible to wind, sheet and rill erosion Strong textural contrast between the topsoil and subsoil horizons Bleached A2 horizon Columnar structure with hard setting bleached capping above, restricting water and gas movement Mottled subsoil Top of subsoil is dispersive following cultivation when wet Alkaline subsoil, strongly sodic and increased salinity at depth As the land tends to have gilgai micro-relief the soil is variable and the horizons are of variable depths All horizons have very wavy boundaries. The grey clay horizon (140-180 cm) can be to within one metre of the surface in places. Low nutrient status of surface soil Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) is considered to be medium (estimated at 107 mm) for this site profile based on an Effective Rooting Depth (ERD) of 55 cm. Rooting depth will be restricted by subsoil conditions, such as strongly sodic (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage >20%), high soluble salt levels (chloride >0.1%), poor structure (eg. massive or very coarse, columnar or prismatic), very high carbonate (lime) content (not applicable to all plant species), or hard rock.

Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Exchangeable Cations cmol-/kg				Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
Horizon	Depth (cm)	pH (water)	pH (CaCl₂)	EC dS/m	NaCl %	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Wilting Point (pF4.2)	Coarse Sand %	Fine Sand %	Silt %	Clay %
A1	0–10	6.1	5.5	0.1		2.4	0.4	0.4	0.1	5.3	10.3	80.6	3	3.5
A2	10–25	7.2	6.2	<0.05		-	-	-	-	1.4	10.6	84.2	1.5	2.5
B21	25–55	8.7	8	0.16		9.6	4.6	1.8	0.8	18.0	7	40.8	1.5	46
B22	55–105	9.3	8.2	0.15		3.6	3.4	1.1	1.1	9.8	8	65.2	2	22.5
B31	105–140	9.7	8.5	0.2
B32	140–180+	9.8	8.7	0.46	<0.05

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