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IS11

Location: Longerenong.


Australian Soil Classification: Epicalcareous-Endohypersodic, Epipedal, Grey VERTOSOL

Northcote Factual Key: Ug5.28
Great Soil Group: grey clay
Soil Type: Horsham Clay.

General Landscape Description: Anastomotic plain.
Geology: Quaternary Shepparton Formation: fluvial silt, sand and minor gravel.


Soil Profile Morphology:

Surface Soil

A10-10 cmDark grey (5Y4/1); light clay; cracking and self-mulching surface condition; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; strong consistence dry; slightly sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 8.6; sharp and smooth boundary to:
Image: IS11 Profile
IS11 Profile
Subsoil

B2110-25 cm Dark grey (5Y4/1); light clay; subplastic; moderate coarse prismatic, parting to coarse subangular blocky structure; strong consistence dry; moderately sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 8.8.

B2225-50 cmDark grey (5Y4/1); heavy clay; subplastic; moderate coarse prismatic breaking down to coarse subangular blocky structure; strong consistence dry; moderately sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 9.0.
B2350-85 cmDark grey (5Y4/1); heavy clay; subplastic; moderate coarse prismatic, parting to coarse subangular blocky structure; strong consistence dry; moderately sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 9.4; sharp and wavy boundary to:
B2485-115 cmGrey (5Y5/1); heavy clay; plastic; coarse lenticular structure (slickensides); strong consistence dry; moderately sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 9.6.
B25115-140Grey (5Y5/1); heavy clay; plastic; coarse lenticular structure (slickensides); strong consistence dry; moderately sticky consistence wet; very few (<2%) hard carbonate segregations; pH 9.6; gradual boundary to:

B31140-180Pale olive (5Y6/3); heavy clay; plastic; coarse lenticular structure (slickensides); pH 9.7.


Chemical and Physical Analysis:



Horizon
Sample Depth cm
pH
H2O
EC
dS/m
Sodium Chloride
%
Exchangeable Calcium
cmol-/kg
Exchangeable
Magnesium
cmol-/kg
Exchangeable Potassium
cmol-/kg
Exchangeable Sodium
cmol-/kg
Total
Nitrogen
%
Organic
Carbon
%
Bulk Density
Exchangeable Acidity
cmol-/kg
Field
Capacity
-30okPa
Permanent
Wilting
Point
-1500okPa
Coarse
Sand
%
Fine
Sand
%
Silt
%
Clay
%
A1
0–10
8.6
0.21
0.01
22.7
11.7
2.1
1.2
0.1
0.87
1.03
2.1
39.9
23.5
3
12
10
73
B21
10–25
8.8
0.19
0.01
21.8
12.2
1.7
2.2
0.07
0.56
1.37
1.8
40.2
23.9
3
10
8
78
B22
25–50
9
0.18
0.03
18.9
14
1.8
4.8
0.06
0.46
1.31
2.5
27.1
2
11
8
78
B23
50–85
9.4
0.36
0.03
12.7
14.5
1.9
8.1
0.04
0.35
1.39
27.9
3
14
8
73
B24
85–115
9.6
0.62
0.05
7
14.5
1.9
12
0.03
0.26
1.47
28.7
2
11
9
73
B25
115–140
9.6
0.78
0.08
5.1
14.1
1.9
14.3
0.02
0.23
27.3
2
12
11
73
B31
140–180
9.7
0.84
0.07
26.5
2
11
13
72
B32
180–215
9.6
0.97
0.12
27.9
1
12
13
71
Note: NA=not assessed.

Management Considerations:
  • Cracking clay profile, very high clay percentage
  • Alkaline throughout soil
  • Friable self mulching surface
  • Very high calcium percentage in surface and upper and mid subsoil (to 90cm)
  • Yellow hue profile(5Y) and lighter coloured deep subsoil, poorer internal drainage
  • Subsoil is strongly sodic and salinity increases at depth, particularly below 50cm
  • Very strong consistence when dry, implications for compaction and implement use
  • Landform element, plain: poor site drainage
Profile Described By: John Martin, Nabil Badawy, Ron Cawood, Geoff Pope, John Galea, John Turner (1970).
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