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PVI1

Location: PVI Hamilton

Australian Soil Classification: Ferric, Eutrophic, Brown SODOSOL (thick, clay loamy surface)
Northcote Factual Key: Dy 3.42

Geology: Tertiary/Quaternary basalt.
General Landscape Description: Mid-slope of a low rise.
Soil Mapping Unit: Monivae gravelly loam (slope phase).

Site Description: Edge of cereal crop.

Photo: Soil Pit PVI 1 Landscape
PVI1 Landscape


Soil Profile Morphology:

Surface Soil

A10-10 cmDark brown (10YR3/3); fine sandy clay loam; very weak consistence (dry); pH 5.0; abrupt change to:

Photo: Soil Pit PVI 1 Profile
PVI1 Profile
A2110-15 cmBrown (10YR4/3) conspicuously bleached (10YR7/3 dry); fine sandy clay loam; weak consistence (dry); rusty root channel mottling; abrupt change to:

A2215-40 cmBrown (10YR5/3); conspicuously bleached (10YR7/3 dry); fine sandy clay loam; weak consistence (dry); very many (70%) ferruginous nodules (2-10 mm); pH 6.0; abrupt and wavy change to:
Subsoil

B2140-50 cmYellowish brown (10YR5/4) with many (30%) yellowish red (2.5YR4/6) and brownish yellow (10YR6/8) mottles; medium clay; moderate coarse blocky, parting to strong medium to fine blocky structure; very firm consistence (moist); few (3-5%) ferruginous nodules; pH 6.6; clear change to:

B2250-90 cmBrown (10YR4/3) with yellowish brown (10YR5/8) and dark red (2.5YR4/8) mottles; medium clay; moderate to strong coarse blocky, parting to strong medium to fine blocky structure; shiny ped faces; firm consistence (moist); pH 6.9; abrupt change to:

B2390 -120 cmLight grey (10YR7/1) with yellow (10YR7/8) and dark red (2.5YR4/6) mottles; pH 7.4:

B24120+ cmGrey (5Y6/1) with light yellowish brown (2.5Y6/4) mottles; heavy clay; firm consistence (moist).

Note:
Weathered basalt material commences at depths of between 90 to 120 cm in the soil profile.


Key Profile Features:
    • Strong texture contrast between surface (A) horizons and subsoil (B21) horizon.
    • Conspicuously bleached subsurface (A2) horizon.
    • Large amount of ferruginous nodules in the subsurface (A2) horizon.

Soil Profile Characteristics:


pH
Salinity Rating
Surface soil
(A1 horizon)
Strongly Acid
Low
Non-Sodic
None
Upper subsoil
(B21 40-50 cm)
Slightly Acid
Low
Marginally Sodic
None1
Deep subsoil
(B23 90 - 120 cm)
Slightly Alkaline
Low
Sodic
Moderate-Strong
1 Strong dispersion after remoulding.


Graph: pH in PVI 1
Graph: Salinity in PVI 1
Graph: Sodicity in PVI 1
Graph: Clay in PVI 1

Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
pH
(water)
pH
(CaCl2)
EC 1:5
Exchangeable Cations
Ca
Mg
K
Na
meq/100g
A11
0-10
5.0
4.1
0.24
4.9
2.5
0.47
0.30
A22
15-40
6.0
4.8
0.05
3.0
1.8
0.11
0.29
B21
40-50
6.6
5.1
0.08
3.9
6.9
0.14
1.6
B22
50-90
6.9
5.5
0.09
4.4
7.7
0.14
1.6
B23
90-120
7.4
6.8
0.24
7.5
16
0.14
4.5


Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
Exchangeable
Aluminium mg/kg
Exchangeable Acidity
meq/100g
Field Capacity
pF2.5
Wilting Point
pF4.2
Coarse Sand
(0.2- 2.0 mm)
Fine Sand
(0.02- 0.2 mm)
Silt
(0.002- 0.02 mm)
Clay
(<0.002 mm)
A11
0-10
22

43
16
8
30
25
28
A22
15-40
<10

26
12
16
31
24
27
B21
40-50

11
44
28
3
12
11
74
B22
50-90

9.9
50
30
8
12
13
68
B23
90-120
<10

59
37
2
8
15
75

Profile Described By: Mark Imhof, Paul Rampant (January 2001).
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