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LWA11

Location: Inverleigh West

Australian Soil Classification: Calic, Mottled-Subnatric, Brown SODOSOL

General Landscape Description: Level plain.
Site Description: Stubble paddock. Southern Farming Systems (SFS) trial site.
Geology: Tertiary (Neogene) sediments and Quaternary alluvium.

Image: LWA11 Landscape
LWA11 Landscape

Soil Profile Morphology:

Surface Soil

A10-8 cmVery dark grey brown (10YR3/2); light fine sandy loam; weak medium polyhedral parting to fine sub-angular blocky; weak consistence dry; pH 5.8; abrupt smooth change to:
Image: lwa11 profile
LWA11 Profile
A2

8-20/50Brown (10YR4/3) with very few fine faint orange mottles; fine sandy loam; apedal (massive); firm consistence moderately moist; contains very few ferromanganese concretions/flecks; pH 5.1; sharp and wavy change to:
Subsoil

B2120/50-35 cmDark yellowish brown (10YR3/4) with many fine red (2.5YR4/6) mottles; medium clay; moderate coarse prismatic parting to moderate fine prismatic structure; smooth fabric; very strong consistence dry; contains very few manganese flecks; pH 5.7; gradual change to:
B2235-65 cmDark yellowish brown (10YR4/4); with many medium sized strong brown (7.5YR4/6) and dark grey (10YR4/1) mottles; heavy clay; moderate coarse prismatic parting to strong fine prismatic structure; smooth fabric; strong consistence dry; contains a common amount of manganese concretions/flecks; few distinct cutans and slickensides are present; pH 7.0; clear change to:
B2365-95 cmYellowish brown (10YR5/4) with many fine brownish yellow (10YR6/6) mottles; heavy clay; weak coarse prismatic parting to strong medium prismatic structure; smooth fabric; very firm consistence slightly moist; contains a few calcareous nodules (in patches); few distinct cutans and slickensides present; pH 8.4; gradual change to:
B2495-150 cm Yellowish brown (10YR5/4) with many fine brownish yellow (10YR6/6) mottles; medium heavy clay; moderate medium prismatic parting to medium angular blocky structure; smooth fabric; firm consistence slightly moist; contains a few calcareous nodules (in patches); few distinct cutans and slickensides present; pH 9.2; diffuse change to:

B25150-190 cmLight olive brown (2.5Y5/4) with many fine brownish yellow (10YR6/6) mottles; medium heavy clay; moderate medium prismatic parting to medium angular blocky structure; smooth fabric; firm consistence slightly moist; contains a few calcareous nodules (in patches); few distinct cutans and slickensides present; pH 9.4.


Key Profile Features:
    • Strong texture contrast between surface (A) horizons and subsoil (B21) horizon.

Soil Profile Characteristics:


pH


Salinity Rating
Surface
(A11 horizon)
Moderately Acid
Low
Non - Sodic
None
Subsoil
(B21 horizon)
Moderately Acid
Very Low
Sodic
None
Deeper subsoil
(at 90+ cm)
Very Strongly Alkaline
Low
Strongly Sodic
Strong1
      1 Complete dispersion after remoulding.

Image: LWA11 Graphs
The surface and the upper subsoil pH is moderately acid. The deeper subsoil becomes strongly alkaline with depth.The salinity rating very low to low throughout the profile.The surface horizon is non sodic. The subsoil is sodic increasing to strongly sodic with depth.There is a sharp increase in clay content at the subsoil interface.

Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
pH
(water)
pH
(CaCl2)
EC
(dS/m)
Exchangeable Cations
Ca
Mg
K
Na
meq/100g
A1
0-8
5.8
5.3
0.16
3.6
0.85
0.92
0.23
A2
8-20
5.1
4.5
0.06
1.4
0.37
0.19
0.16
B21
20-35
5.7
4.7
0.12
6.0
7.5
1.1
1.8
B22
35-65
7.0
5.9
0.16
3.9
11
1.2
3.5
B23
65-95
8.4
7.5
0.23
3.7
12
1.1
4.8
B24
95-150
9.2
8.4
0.32
3.7
14
1.1
5.3
B25
150-190+
9.4
8.6
0.47
4.4
17
1.4
7.0
Horizon
Horizon Depth
(cm)
Acidity
meq/100g
Oxidisable Organic Carbon
%
Total
Nitrogen
%
Exchangeable
Aluminium
mg/kg
Field
Capacity
pF2.5
Wilting
Point
pF4.2
Coarse Sand
(0.2- 2.0 mm)
Fine Sand
(0.02- 0.2 mm)
Silt
(0.002- 0.02 mm)
Clay
(<0.002 mm)
A1
0-8
2.9
1.6
0.13
<10
18.0
4.2
12
64
9
11
A2
8-20
3.9
0.65
<0.05
<10
16.6
3.3
12
64
11
11
B21
20-35
13
38.7
22.4
5
29
7
56
B22
35-65
8.9
40.4
21.0
5
32
7
56
B23
65-95
36.8
17.3
5
43
9
42
B24
95-150
38.8
18.1
3
41
8
45
B25
150-190+
46.5
21.5
3
32
10
52

Profile Described By: David Rees and Mark Imhof (April 2006).
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